2, pp. var exactmetrics_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"zip,mp3,mpeg,pdf,docx,pptx,xlsx,rar","inbound_paths":"[{\"path\":\"\\\/go\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"},{\"path\":\"\\\/recommend\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"}]","home_url":"https:\/\/magazine.ieee-pes.org","hash_tracking":"false","ua":"UA-3983727-10","v4_id":""};/* ]]> */ } However, the unexpected spread of COVID-19 has provided a new perspective in power system operation planning studies, which have highlighted the emerging roles of public health and political measures in profiling the electricity consumption. Since 1989, Mr. Gies has worked at AT&T-Bell Laboratories/Lucent Technologies/Alcatel-Lucent as a product safety engineer, responsible for obtaining product safety certifications for his companys telephone and information processing equipment from domestic and international product safety organizations. Mr. Gies has become a leading subject matter expert for his company in the field of global product safety compliance, working primarily with Alcatel-Lucents wireless base station equipment. The Smart Power System is available in two sizes: SPS-600 (600W . Much work remains to be done, however, to create standards that, when implemented, will adequately protect the grid from cyberattacks. Analogously, customized and cost-effective advancements are both possible and essential to enable smarter and more secure electric power infrastructures. /* ]]> */ __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); Increased integration of large-scale renewable energy systems . }; It recognizes smart-grid technology as the merger of power generation, distribution, metering and switching equipment with communication, information technology, and with new user applications. Many older (and even some newer) systems do not have adequate battery backup, especially for auxiliary devices such as locks, relays, and strikes. for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { return; To protect control systems, well-established information security practices must also be utilized. Due to the increasingly sophisticated nature and speed of malicious code, intrusions, and DoS attacks, human responses may be inadequate.Figure 4 shows the evolution of cyberthreats over the last two decades and the types of responses that can be used to combat them effectively. }; However, if islanding prevention fails, energized lines within the island present a shock hazard to unsuspecting utility line workers who think the lines are dead.[6]. 'timingLabel': 'event_label', overall systems science and dynamics (including infrastructure, ecology and environment, markets, and data-driven policy designs). In April 2009, The Wall Street Journal reported that cyber spies had infiltrated the U.S. electric grid and left behind software that could be used to disrupt the system. The century-old power grid is the largest interconnected machine on earth. It also contains optimization, which ensures that power generation costs are reduced. Data stored at the meter and transmitted over communication networks must also meet standard cybersecurity requirements, including confidentiality, integrity, availability, and nonrepudiation. trackers: {}, var newtracker = function () { Terrorists can remotely manipulate and cripple national power system. var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; The meter safety standard and switchgear standards may assume that these components are installed in Overvoltage Category IV or III environments, but the information technology equipment standard expect equipment to be installed nominally in Overvoltage Category II environments. The larger the amount of data is, the lower the density of valuable information will be. parameters.send_to = exactmetrics_frontend.ua; . function __gtagTracker() { var Tracker = function () { Without a doubt, the expectation from the power generation and transmission industry is realization of efficiencies. img.wp-smiley, One possible means of increasing the physical security of power lines is to bury them. document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; In 1990, the U.S. Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) issued a detailed report, Physical Vulnerability of the Electric System to Natural Disasters and Sabotage. __gaTracker.create = newtracker; Additionally, intra-campus communication conductors, such as those used for intra-system communications or status alarms, will also need to be protected like telecommunication conductors in accordance with the local electrical code or practices. The size and complexity of the North American electric power grid makes it impossible both financially and logistically to physically protect the entire infrastructure. Featured articles are reserved for IEEE PES members. Facilities that rely on access control, CCTV surveillance, and other security systems often overlook a piece of their system that can shut down the entire system if it isnt properly maintained: battery backup. Normally, the customer-owned generation is required to sense the absence of utility-controlled generation and cease energizing the grid. Medical } } else { [CDATA[ */ p.get = noopfn; The secure and efficient power system operation relays on the data assessment and state estimation. S. M. Amin, Energy infrastructure defense systems, Proc. These include: In addition, AMI systems will need to be defended against more traditional cyberthreats such as mobile and malicious code, DoS attacks, misuse and malicious insider threats, accidental faults introduced by human error, and the problems associated with software and hardware aging. Design Features. The results of a 2007 McAfee survey highlight the pervasiveness of such attacks. 624631. background: none !important; There is reasonable concern that national and international energy and information infrastructures have reached a level of complexity and interconnection that makes them particularly vulnerable to cascading outages, whether initiated by material failure, natural calamities, intentional attack, or human error. window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/magazine.ieee-pes.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.1.1"}}; Their latest technology also allows for remote maintenance of the system, eliminating the need for costly and time-consuming on-site servicing. Power Delivery, vol. Consumer Electronics Upgrading the control and communication systems for the power grid will present many new security challenges that must be dealt with before extensive deployment and implementation of smart grid technologies can begin. The security of cyber and communication networks is fundamental to the reliable operation of the grid. The usage of SPFC is required at each level of distribution, transmission and generation systems in a clustered form. He is a member of the Alcatel-Lucent Technical Academy. It uses the three-block model for pain and injury from the energy source to the person, with the middle block covering the safeguarding necessary to prevent or limit the harmful energy to a person. Creating Custom Bells; Guardian Bells. IEEE, vol. for (arg in args) { Ultraflex SmartPower Compac Systems are a breakthrough innovation in induction heating technology, featuring the Direct Digital Step control algorithm and a unique configurable modular approach. return null; Energy storage systems are utilized for managing the peak power demand of the consumer load prole by discharging power during peak hours. Defense mechanisms using deception can greatly increase the difficulty of planning and conducting successful attacks on a system by portraying control system response characteristics as random to attackers. 'eventCategory': arguments[2], The best way to approach this new, merged technology is to break it down into its component technologies, then use existing or new standards to evaluate safety issues involving the component technologies. More specifically, the operation of a modern power system depends on complex systems of sensors and automated and manual controls, all of which are tied together through communication systems. if ('event' === arguments[1]) { 1) Non-malicious attackers who view the security and operation of the system as a puzzle to be cracked. Hence the functions of smart grid can be summarized into the following terms as selfhealing, consumer participation, resist attack, high quality power accommodate generation options, enable electricity markets, optimize assets . It is said that Alexander Graham Bell would not recognize the components of modern telephony fiber optics, cell phones, texting, cell towers, PDAs, the internet, etc. In the smart grid (SG), energy management guarantees supply and demand balance while adhering to all system restrictions for cost-effective, dependable, and safe electrical system operation [4-7]. var arg, hit = {}; if (! The mission of the IEEE Power & Energy Society is to be the leading provider of scientific and engineering information on electric power and energy for the betterment of society, and the preferred professional development source for its members. The adjunct to the magazine is the monthly PES eNews Update. 40, no. }; Cyberthreat evolution (source: EPRI). Layered security (or defense in depth) involves strategically combining multiple security technologies at each layer of a computing system in order to reduce the risk of unauthorized access due to the failure of any single security technology. try { Smart switch applications Smart switches can be used in numerous applications, with motor and LED drivers being among the most common. The solar capability offers a valuable safety net. Our Smart Cord is a versatile device that not only meets the demands of your growing business layouts, but provides reliable power protection you can count on . A complex set of interconnected webs (source: EPRI, 2002present). The interdependency analyses done by most companies in the last 1214 years (starting with the preparations for Y2K and continuing after the tragic events of 9/11) have identified these links and the systems vulnerability to their failure. Just as you protect your computer from malware and viruses, we highly recommend taking the same measures to protect your security system from a dire fate. window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); All of these infrastructures are complex networksgeographically dispersed, nonlinear, and interacting both among themselves and with their human owners, operators, and users (see Figure 1). a fault, electrical power is supplied from the installed DGs, and an optimized reconguration is demonstrated in some congurations. } 5, pp. A Standard/Safe Operating Procedure (SOP) allows workers to perform their job in a consistently safe manner. A smart grid combines the existing electrical infrastructure with digital technologies and advanced applications to provide a much more efficient, reliable and cost effective way to distribute energy. It uses the form of energy (like coal and diesel) and converts it into electrical energy. safe operation of a smart power system. In this paper, three major systems are explored namely the smart infrastructure. For the near term, we would expect to use IEC 60950-1 to evaluate smart grid equipment with communication and information technology circuitry for safety, as well as the required protection and separation from other circuits that they require. Wide output frequency range - two ranges available from . Now as part of smart grid and green-power initiatives, you can expect to see such systems in residential locations where anyone might have access. function __gtagTrackerOptout() { This state-of-the-art safety standard classifies energy sources, prescribes safeguards against those energy sources, and provides guidance on the application of, and requirements for those safeguards. Energy & Power Power system security - Introduction Practically, the power system needs to be secured.We need to protect it from the black out or any internal or external damage.The operation of the power system is set to be normal only when the flow of power and the bus voltages are within the limits even though there is a change in the load or at the generation side. 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